Legal Decision Making And Parenting Time Mediation ...

There are countless examples in the media (fictional and in the tabloids) that present divorce as an ugly battle where nothing is under the belt and EVERYTHING is up for grabs. It leaves a lot of unhappy married couples terrified to take the next step by filing for divorce. In reality, divorce cases can be very difficult, but they don’t have to be. In fact, many who are considering divorce are turning to mediation in order to minimize the conflict associated with the process. Mediation can be particularly useful in cases where a couple is having difficulty agreeing upon a parenting plan that works for everyone. If you are a divorcing parent and you want to work out a co-parenting plan, but haven’t been able to come to an agreement with your soon to be ex, consider arranging for mediation. Preparing for Legal Decision Making and Parenting Time Mediation: Creating a Parenting Plan 1. Put together a history of the relationship between you and your ex. Start when you met, include major milestones or â€Å"changes† in the relationship, i.e. when you moved in together, when you got married, when you separated, times during which you attended marriage counseling, etc. These are all questions that the mediator will ask in order to get an idea of who you are. It is also a good way for the mediator to find out if both of you remember the same things and have the same understanding of the relationship. It’s good to review the details beforehand. 2. Next start a history of parenting.Show MoreRelatedPositive Effects of Single Parenting2616 Words   |  11 PagesEffects of Single Parenting Concepts Every Single Parent Needs to Keep in Mind By Jennifer Wolf, About.com Guide See More About: †¢ effects of single parenting †¢ coping strategies †¢ divorce and children †¢ effective parenting You might not often think of being a single parent family as a bonus for your kids. 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Nike Business Presentation Outline Free Essays

Topic: Nike marketing strategy, social responsibility, and diversity. Specific Purpose: To inform my audience about the marketing strategy, environmental and social commitment and diversity of Nike company Brief: In my presentation, I will be talking about Nike’s marketing strategy and its social responsibility MARKETING A) INTRODUCTION  §Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Preview – Because Nike’s success largely depends on its shrewd marketing strategy, I will be explaining to you the importance of marketing to Nike and introducing what marketing strategy Nike is currently deploying. B)   BODY 1. We will write a custom essay sample on Nike Business Presentation Outline or any similar topic only for you Order Now Marketing is very important to its viability and profitability a. Since Nike is a consumer product company, it must respond to market changes through aggressive marketing. * If fail to anticipate accurately and respond in timely manner to market changes, Nike could experience material adverse effects on sales and profitability. b. Nike must stay domestically and globally competitive to other large companies such as Puma or Addidas. c. As a result, Nike takes marketing issues very seriously. Nike has been increasingly investing into marketing. (Refer to chart) * Nike experienced a substantial increase in marketing investment in the FY of 07-08, largely because of the Olympic Games 2008. Demand creation in FY 2009 is $2,351. 4 mil. , increased 2% in compare with FY 08 2. Nike is successfully deploying the favorable brand image strategy a. Favorable brand image * Associates with a distinctive logo and advertising slogan â€Å"Just do it† * Advertise itself as a high quality and expensive product company. * Promotion: Nike contracts with high pr ofile athletes and actively sponsors sport events to promote its brand. For example: * Michael Jordan: in 2007, the Jordan brand, now a separate Nike subsidiary with its own building, grossed about $800 million. Tiger Woods: in 2000, Nike agreed to a multi-year deal with Woods worth a reported $105 million (It can be said that Nike is successfully approaching the market by its shrewd marketing strategy. Now, I’ll be talking about Nike Social responsibility) SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY INTRODUCTION  §Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Preview: Nike is a leading socially responsible company. I’ll be exploring Nike’s community investment and environmental commitment. (First, I’ll be talking about community investment) BODY I. Nike has a long history of engagement in communities around the world, investing in their backyards, key markets and manufacturing communities. . In FY07-09, Nike has directly invested in community $168. 8 million – Set the goal of $315 millio n of contributions for FY11 – Involves contributing expertise and philanthropic activity to the community. 2. To achieve its community investment strategy, Nike has developed 2 core approaches: a. Focus on creating new models to provide young people access to the power of sport (to unleash their confidence, leadership, health, education or employment) – The Nike Foundation (separate nonprofit organization): focuses on developing adolescent girls to bring positive changes into community. They has committed more than $100 mil to benefit adolescent girls. b. Promote philanthropic activities and create financial flows that ensure long-term success – Nike manages a portfolio of investment that have triggered donations from consumers to expand its initial investment. – Notable projects: Livestrong, Human Race, Hurley H20 water initiative†¦ (Not only is Nike socially responsible but also Nike is environmentally responsible)  Ã‚  Ã‚   BODY 1. Highly commit ted to sustainable development – To help focus effort and resources where company can make the most impact, Nike developed its own North Star to define sustainable development. . To achieve its goal, Nike has broken it into a number of smaller attainable steps: a. Product design: * Internally, Nike mobilizes its human resources to develop closed-loop product. * Externally, Nike actively posts unresolved problems and requests solutions from outside investors, universities and companies. b. Climate and energy: As a co-founding member of Business for Innovative Climate and Energy Policy (BICEP), Nike and its partners have committed to strategic collaboration to push for US energy and legislation and rule making. c. Water: Nike aims to contract with factories where water is abundant enough to support it operations. * Nike also collaborates with factories to improve efficiency of water-utilizing * Nike encourages its suppliers’ adherence to high quality standards for all of their production. (Nike itself is a diverse company) BODY 1. Diversity and inclusion are key to drive creativity and innovation: – Grows their competitive advantage, recruit – In 2006, Nike appointed its first VP of Diversity. – In 2008, Nike formed a global diversity and inclusion team focused on three areas: a. Engaging employees b. Providing business consultation . Developing innovative tools, models and designs 2. Diversity and inclusion statistics a. Gender diversity: * Global work force is half-male, half-female * Overall management is 60% male and 40% female. b. Ethnicity diversity: c. 55% of its work force is Caucasian, 22% is African American, 13% is Hispanic, 9% is Asian/Pacific islander and 1% is American Indian. d. Supplier diversity: national and regional partners on its suppliers effort, including the National Minority Supplier development council, the Oregon Association of Minority Entrepreneurs and the Women’s business Enterprise National Council. How to cite Nike Business Presentation Outline, Essay examples

Industrial Management Study Guide free essay sample

Budgeting and Cost Estimation Multiple Choice 1. If a project budget is overfunded, it will often ________. a) Produce waste b) Encourage slack management c) Improve morale d) Produce waste and encourage slack management Ans: d Response: Refer to chapter 7, introduction. Level: easy 2. If a project budget is underfunded, it will often ________. a) Inhibit accomplishment b) Frustrate committed stakeholders c) Inhibit accomplishment and frustrate committed stakeholders d) Inhibit accomplishment, frustrate committed stakeholders, and reduce costs Ans: c Response: Refer to chapter 7, introduction. Level: easy 3. Identify the statement that is not correct regarding a project budget. a) The budget is included in a project plan b) The budget is not an expression of organizational policy c) The budget serves as a control mechanism for the project d) The budget serves as a standard for comparison of planned and actual usage of resources Ans: b Response: Refer to chapter 7, introduction. Level: intermediate 4. The project’s budget should ________. We will write a custom essay sample on Industrial Management Study Guide or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page a) Associate resource use with the achievement of organizational goals b) Allow funds to be spent without linkage to achievement ) Not reflect the timing of expenses associated with the use of resources d) Never be changed during project execution Ans: a Response: Refer to chapter 7, introduction Level: easy 5. In order to develop a budget, the PM must forecast ________. a) The type and quantities of resources required b) The labor rates and prices of resources required c) The type, quantities, prices/rates of resources and when they will be used d) Answer c plus the expected monetary value and relevant uncertainty Ans: d Response: Refer to section 7. 1. Level: intermediate 6. Level: easy 33. Suggests some reasons why an organization would support projects that show a significant incremental profit over direct costs but are not profitable when fully costed. Ans: Reasons for undertaking this type of project would include: developing knowledge of the technology, getting the organizations foot in the door, obtaining the parts or service portion of the work, positioning for a follow-on contract, improving competitive position, broadening a product line or a line of business. Response: Refer to section 7. 2. Level: easy

Love Turned Evil Essay Research Paper free essay sample

Love Turned Evil Essay, Research Paper # 8220 ; If merely they had neer gone # 8230 ; to bring the Golden Fleece! Then neither would Medea, my kept woman, of all time have set canvas for the walled town of Iolcus, huffy love for Jason # 8230 ; # 8221 ; ( Sanderson 14 ) . We will write a custom essay sample on Love Turned Evil Essay Research Paper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This quotation mark is the gap lines to Euripides # 8217 ; tragic drama, # 8220 ; Medea # 8221 ; ( Blaiklock 234 ) . Their foreordained destinies all begin with Jason and his conquering for the Golden Fleece ( Hamilton 161 ) . Medea, known to be a powerful sorceress, was hit by Cupid # 8217 ; s pointer and fell frantically in love with Jason ( Sanderson 3 ) . It was Aphrodite and Hera # 8217 ; s program for Medea to help Jason in his escapades even though it meant bewraying her male parent, her fatherland, and the decease of her brother ( Hamilton 168 ) . Traveling against her male parent, Medea retrieved the Golden Fleece from the sacred grove and fled to Greece with Jason ( Hamilton 173 ) . Medea # 8217 ; s brother was sent to halt them, but Medea tricked him into run intoing her at a temple where Jason was waiting to kill him ( Sanderson 4 ) . Medea was overcome with love and would make anything in her power to assist Jason ( Hamilton 172 ) . All she received in return was perfidy ( Hamilton 175 ) . Jason and Medea returned to Corinth where they were married and lived merrily together for 10 old ages ( Paranda 3 ) . Medea # 8217 ; s expatriate from her fatherland and loss of her household seemed irrelevant compared to her great love for Jason and the birth of her two boies ( Hamilton 175 ) . After all the forfeits Medea had made, Jason violated his sacred curses and promises ( Hamilton 175 ) . He grew tired of Medea and wanted a younger and more representative married woman ( Paranda 3 ) . In ideas of his ain selfish aspiration, Jason was to get married the girl of the King of Corinth ( Hamilton 176 ) . Humiliated and disturbed, Medea sought retaliation ( Paranda 3 ) . This led to tragedy ( Parada 3 ) . She knew of merely one manner to do Jason wage for his treachery: # 8220 ; By decease, oh, by decease, shall the struggle of life be decided, Life # 8217 ; s small twenty-four hours ended # 8221 ; ( Hamilton 178 ) . In the authoritative tragic play # 8220 ; Medea # 8221 ; , Euripides illustrates how the power of love can be used as immorality. Love is the important issue and driving force of the drama # 8220 ; Medea # 8221 ; ( Zuger 29 ) . It is depicted in many different ways throughout the class of the secret plan ( Zuger 29 ) . At first, Medea could non defy her love and was astounded with unbelievable desire for Jason ( Sanderson 3 ) . She could non give to her love and went against her male parent and fatherland ( Sanderson 3 ) . Jason had made an curse to get married her and take her off with him but, in the terminal, went against his word ( Sanderson 6 ) . Medea blamed her overpowering passion and love on her actions ( Zuger 29 ) . Even though Medea had so much love for Jason, he was still to marry the King # 8217 ; s girl ( Sanderson 6 ) . In fright of Medea # 8217 ; s black magic, the King intended to ostracize Medea and her boies from the state ( Hamilton 176 ) . Exiled from her fatherland and from her household, Medea had nowhere to travel ( Sanderson 6 ) . Guilty and regretful of all she had sacrificed, her outraged love and wretchedness of her destroyed life motivated her programs of devastation ( Hamilton 176 ) . Medea # 8217 ; s intense love for Jason turned to hatred. The significance of love is lost to Medea as disgust and spite conquer her bosom ( Zuger 29 ) . The drama # 8220 ; Medea # 8221 ; blames the act of love as a consequence of its sorrowful terminal ( Zuger 30 ) . Vengeance was Medea # 8217 ; s chief finding ( Sanderson 6 ) . Medea wanted Jason to endure as she suffered ( Zuger 30 ) . She plotted to take away all that Jason loved merely as he had taken away her love ( Zuger 30 ) . Medea sent a poisoned robe to the princess ( Sanderson 6 ) . As the princess put it on, she was set on fire, and the King of Corinth besides died as he tried to salvage his girl from the fires ( Hamilton 178 ) . Medea had killed Jason # 8217 ; s wife-to-be ( Hamilton 178 ) . Jason and Medea loved their boies really much and even fought over whom loved them more ( Zuger 29 ) . Their boies were the merchandises of Medea and Jason # 8217 ; s passion, and Medea used them for her hateful retaliation ( Zuger 30 ) . Knowing Jason # 8217 ; s love for their boies, Medea stabbed her boies to decease ( Hamilton 178 ) . She allowed all her hatred and fury to overmaster her love for her kids ( Hamilton 178 ) . In the terminal, Jason was left with nil merely as Medea had plann ed ( Zuger 31 ) . Jason, full of sorrow and rage, attempted to kill Medea, but she fled from the roof of their place in chariot drawn by firedrakes ( Hamilton 179 ) . Unable to digest the loss of his bride and boies, Jason was neer the same ( Parada 3 ) . Medea obtained her retaliation on Jason, but at that place was genuinely no victor ( Zuger 31 ) . The drama # 8220 ; Medea # 8221 ; has a transmutation of tempers from love to detest and so excessively vindictive choler ( Zuger 30 ) . lt ; /p > Euripides successfully portrays the character Medea as the victim of error and the actor of deep incorrect ( Blaiklock 236 ) . In the beginning of the drama, the audience is led to experience sympathy and compassion for Medea ( Blaiklock 236 ) . She had done so much for her hubby # 8217 ; s sake ( Gill 2 ) . Medea had saved Jason # 8217 ; s life, retrieved the Golden Fleece, betrayed her household and fatherland, and bore him two boies ( Gill 2 ) . In return, Medea was wrongfully hurt and betrayed by Jason ( Blaiklock 236 ) . After this clip, the audience is shown another side of Medea ( Blaiklock 236 ) . Euripides presents how betrayal can take to common perfidy ( Blaiklock 236 ) . With confusion and desperation, Medea did what she had to get the better of her sense of impotence ( Gill 2 ) . She had loved Jason so unconditionally yet uses it for her retaliation ( Zuger 30 ) . Her pride and award were destroyed by Jason and left her with merely the finding of retribution ( Zuger 30 ) . Even though Medea loved her kids, she knew taking their lives was the lone manner to acquire back at Jason for all the hurting he has caused ( Sanderson 6 ) . Medea, excessively, suffered from the loss of her kids, but it gave her peace cognizing Jason was besides enduring ( Zuger 30 ) . In the # 8220 ; Quest for the Golden Fleece # 8221 ; , Jason was depicted as a superb hero ( Hamilton 175 ) . His function changed in # 8220 ; Medea # 8221 ; as he became selfish and narcissistic ( Gill 2 ) . They had lived together merrily for 10 old ages, and so Jason felt he wanted to get married the girl of the King of Corinth so that one twenty-four hours he would be King ( Hamilton 177 ) . Jason had made a jeer of Medea # 8217 ; s love ( Sanderson 6 ) . In one confrontation, Medea pled with Jason and reminded him of all that she had done for him ( Sanderson 6 ) . Jason countered that it was because of the Gods that led Medea salvage his life ( Gill 2 ) . He fought back, and claimed he had helped her in the long tally, and that she should be thankful to him ( Sanderson 6 ) . Jason twisted all of Medea # 8217 ; s Acts of the Apostless of love into his ain self-glory and believed # 8220 ; Yea, work forces should hold begotten kids from some beginning, no female race bing ; therefore would no evil of all time have fallen on world # 8221 ; ( Gill 2 ) . He had broken his curses of matrimony and, as a consequence, lost everything ( Zuger 31 ) . Jason pushed her beyond all degrees of human endurance for defeat and weakness ( Gill 1 ) . Euripides # 8217 ; # 8220 ; Medea # 8221 ; proves how love can besides be a unreliable force. Love is really powerful but, in this drama, it is shown how it can be turned against oneself. Medea is the tragic hero as she overcame her licking yet is still victimized by the loss of her love. Jason selfishly went against Medea even after all that she did for him. Arrogantly, he did non except the incrimination for the result of their lives because he felt that he was the 1 who had done everything for Medea. So wounded and defied, Medea became outraged with rage that all her love turned to pure immorality. She loves her kids really much but used them to ache Jason by slaying them. Both Medea and Jason claim undying love for their boies but genuinely utilize them for their ain demands and self-pity. Indulged in their ain ego worth, their thought of love is turned nefarious. Love is suppose to be good and righteous, yet in Euripides # 8217 ; # 8220 ; Medea # 8221 ; it is used as immorality that causes a true bad luck. In the drama # 8220 ; Medea # 8221 ; , Jason neer claims his love or compunction for Medea. He used her for his ain self-redemption and so credits himself for his good luck. At the beginning, Medea had so much love for Jason that she would make anything that she could for him. Medea went against her household to assist Jason and fled from her fatherland. Medea # 8217 ; s love and Jason # 8217 ; s betrayal lead to this drama # 8217 ; s calamity. Love was the indispensable power that enkindled Medea but, in decision, retribution and hatred prevailed. This drama was a true calamity for no 1 proved to stand out. In decision, the drama # 8220 ; Medea # 8221 ; exhibits how evil can pervert even the purest and most passionate signifiers of love. Bibliography Work Cited Blaiklock, E.M. # 8220 ; Nautical Imagery of Euripides # 8217 ; Medea. # 8221 ; Classical Philology. Vol. L. 1955. Gill, N.S. # 8220 ; Medea. # 8221 ; Ancient/Classical History. 10 Apr. 2000. Education gt ; Ancient/Classical gt ; Hamilton, Edith. Mythology. Little, Brown and Company, 1942. Parada, Carlos. # 8220 ; Medea. # 8221 ; Greek Mythology Link. 10 Apr. 2000. Sanderson, James L. , and Everett Zimmerman, eds. Medea: Myth and Dramatic Form. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co, 1957. Zuger, H. # 8220 ; The Aegus Episode and the Poetic Structure of Euripides Medea. # 8221 ; The Classical Bulletin. Vol. XLIX. 1972.

Continuous Probability Notes Essay

Continuous Probability Notes Essay Continuous Probability Notes Essay Chapter 6: Continuous Probability Distributions Study Modules (PPT presentations): Introduction to Continuous Probability Distributions Normal Probability Distribution Discrete Distributions Excel Tutorial: Computing Normal Probabilities Java Applet: Normal Distribution Areas Normal Approximation to Binomial Probabilities Continuous Random Variables: A continuous random variable can assume ____any value_______________ in an interval on the real line or in a collection of intervals. It is not possible to talk about the probability of the random variable assuming a __specific___________ (P(x=X)=0) value. Instead, we talk about the probability of the random variable assuming a value within a given _____interval_____________________. The probability of the random variable assuming a value within some given interval from x1 to x2 is defined to be the ___area under the graph_______ of the ___probability density function__ between x1 and x2. Three continuous Random Variables will be discussed in this chapter: Uniform Probability Distribution, Normal Probability Distribution, and Exponential Probability Distribution. I. Uniform Probability Distribution A random variable is uniformly distributed whenever the ____probability__________ is proportional to the interval’s length. The uniform probability ___________________________ is: where: a = smallest value the variable can assume b = largest value the variable can assume Expected Value of x: E(x) = ______________________________ Variance of x: Var(x) = ______________________________ Example: Slater’s Buffet: Slater customers are charged for the amount of salad they take. Sampling suggests that the amount of salad taken is uniformly distributed between 5 ounces and 15 ounces. Therefore: The amount salad customer taken is an uniform distributed random variable with density function: f(x) = 1/10, for 5 ≠¤ x ≠¤ 15 = 0, elsewhere Where: x= salad plate filling weight Expected Value of x: E(x) = (a+b)/2 = __ µ (mean)_________________ Variance of x: Var(x) = (b-a)2/12 = __ ÏÆ'_(standard deviation)______________ Area as a Measure of Probability: The area under the graph of f(x) and probability are identical. This is valid for all continuous random variables. The probability that x takes on a value between some lower value x1 and some higher value x2 can be found by computing the area under the graph of f(x) over the interval from x1 to x2. II. Normal Probability Distribution The normal probability distribution is the most important distribution for describing a continuous random variable. It is widely used in statistical inference. It has been used in a wide variety of applications including: Heights of people Test scores Rainfall amounts Scientific measurements Abraham de Moivre, a French mathematician, published The Doctrine of Chances in 1733. He derived the normal distribution. Standard Normal Probability Distribution: A random variable having a normal distribution with a mean of _____ and a standard deviation of ____ is said to have a standard normal probability distribution. Converting to the Standard Normal Distribution: z = ____ (X - ÃŽ ¼) / ÏÆ' ______________________________________ We can think of z as a measure of the number of standard deviations x is from  µ. Reference: Using Excel to Computer Standard Normal Probabilities (p.266) Example: Pep Zone Pep Zone sells auto parts and supplies including a popular multi-grade motor oil. When the stock of

Empirical Rule for Mean, Median, and Mode

Empirical Rule for Mean, Median, and Mode Within sets of data, there are a variety of descriptive statistics. The mean, median and mode all give measures of the center of the data, but they calculate this in different ways: The mean is calculated by adding all of the data values together, then dividing by the total number of values.The median is calculated by listing the data values in ascending order, then finding the middle value in the list.The mode is calculated by counting how many times each value occurs. The value that occurs with the highest frequency is the mode. On the surface, it would appear that there is no connection between these three numbers. However, it turns out that there is an empirical relationship between these measures of center. Theoretical vs. Empirical Before we go on, it is important to understand what we are talking about when we refer to an empirical relationship and contrast this with theoretical studies. Some results in statistics and other fields of knowledge can be derived from some previous statements in a theoretical manner. We begin with what we know, and then use logic, mathematics, and deductive reasoning and see where this leads us. The result is a direct consequence of other known facts. Contrasting with the theoretical is the empirical way of acquiring knowledge. Rather than reasoning from already established principles, we can observe the world around us. From these observations, we can then formulate an explanation of what we have seen. Much of science is done in this manner. Experiments give us empirical data. The goal then becomes to formulate an explanation that fits all of the data. Empirical Relationship In statistics, there is a relationship between the mean, median and mode that is empirically based. Observations of countless data sets have shown that most of the time the difference between the mean and the mode is three times the difference between the mean and the median. This relationship in equation form is: Mean – Mode 3(Mean – Median). Example To see the above relationship with real world data, let’s take a look at the U.S. state populations in 2010. In millions, the populations were: California - 36.4, Texas - 23.5, New York - 19.3, Florida - 18.1, Illinois - 12.8, Pennsylvania - 12.4, Ohio - 11.5, Michigan - 10.1, Georgia - 9.4, North Carolina - 8.9, New Jersey - 8.7, Virginia - 7.6, Massachusetts - 6.4, Washington - 6.4, Indiana - 6.3, Arizona - 6.2, Tennessee - 6.0, Missouri - 5.8, Maryland - 5.6, Wisconsin - 5.6, Minnesota - 5.2, Colorado - 4.8, Alabama - 4.6, South Carolina - 4.3, Louisiana - 4.3, Kentucky - 4.2, Oregon - 3.7, Oklahoma - 3.6, Connecticut - 3.5, Iowa - 3.0, Mississippi - 2.9, Arkansas - 2.8, Kansas - 2.8, Utah - 2.6, Nevada - 2.5, New Mexico - 2.0, West Virginia - 1.8, Nebraska - 1.8, Idaho - 1.5, Maine - 1.3, New Hampshire - 1.3, Hawaii - 1.3, Rhode Island - 1.1, Montana - .9, Delaware - .9, South Dakota - .8, Alaska - .7, North Dakota - .6, Vermont - .6, Wyoming - .5 The mean population is 6.0 million. The median population is 4.25 million. The mode is 1.3 million. Now we will calculate the differences from the above: Mean – Mode 6.0 million – 1.3 million 4.7 million.3(Mean – Median) 3(6.0 million – 4.25 million) 3(1.75 million) 5.25 million. While these two differences numbers do not match exactly, they are relatively close to one another. Application There are a couple of applications for the above formula. Suppose that we do not have a list of data values, but do know any two of the mean, median or mode. The above formula could be used to estimate the third unknown quantity. For instance, if we know that we have a mean of 10, a mode of 4, what is the median of our data set? Since Mean – Mode 3(Mean – Median), we can say that 10 – 4 3(10 – Median). By some algebra, we see that 2 (10 – Median), and so the median of our data is 8. Another application of the above formula is in calculating skewness. Since skewness measures the difference between the mean and the mode, we could instead calculate 3(Mean – Mode). To make this quantity dimensionless, we can divide it by the standard deviation to give an alternate means of calculating the skewness than using moments in statistics. A Word of Caution As seen above, the above is not an exact relationship. Instead, it is a good rule of thumb, similar to that of the range rule, which establishes an approximate connection between the standard deviation and range. The mean, median and mode may not fit exactly into the above empirical relationship, but there’s a good chance that it will be reasonably close.

Communication, Gender, & Sex Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Communication, Gender, & Sex - Article Example This essay "Communication, Gender, & Sex" outlines the issue of the behavioral pattern of the genders that exist in the society. Using the American community as an example, Kivel (1985) labels the stereotype given to males in America as Act-Like-a-Man box. The name given by the writer has two major derivations.. It is for the reason that boys are forced to belong to the order of toughness that the writer hold the opinion the whole system has generated into a stereotype. The name ‘box’ given by the customer has its reasons from the fact that the compulsion given to males to be touch is carried around on a 24 hour basis. This is to say that the practice does not end in a day. Another perception is given by the writer in his text in the context of cultural differences. The writer makes the point that even though boys all around the world are touted to be tough the rate of toughness and compulsion varies with different cultures. The advocacy that the writer assigns to the te xt is that the need for boys to be in control should not be mistaken for the need to be violent. Hur (2011) writes on the topic â€Å"Why I am a Male Feminist. The article is a typical narrative of the real life experience of the writer. As a typical family setting that is made up of its own challenges and strengths, the writer reports of growing up in a home where male dominance over females was shown in a rather bizarre manner. The bizarreness is seen in the sense that the writer reports of his father constantly abusing his mother and showing extreme lordship over her. Indeed if two captains paddle the same ship the ship wil sink and so there is the need for one to be a master whiles the other serves as a follower. This means that the family should certainly have a head. This however should not be mistaken for lordship of the head of the house over the others. Unfortunately, the father of the writer did not view the situation from such perspective and went ahead to abuse the mother. There are issues of socio-cultural concerns raised in the article. The writer holds the perspective that people with Black origin have a special attribute that is leading them in the wrong direction. It was generally due to how the father of the writer treated the mother that made the writer take the stand of becoming a feminist to fight for the right of women. In al two summaries above, there is a peculiar subject of gender stereotype that cuts across. Both articles have instances where males are seen as lords over females. In their attempt to show lordship, they go t he extreme to characterize their attitude with violence, force and compulsion. This is the perspective that is most regrettable. There is a clear misplacement of priority in the sense that men take the wrong approach towards the issue of gender difference. It is in this direction that Gandhi (2001) posits circumstances under which people of certain gender are portrayed as being with traitorous identity. If the scenarios presented by Kivel (1984) and Hurt (2011) are anything to go by, then it could be said without doubt that the answer to Gandhi’s question is that males are those with traitorous identity and the do this though various forms such as imposing their authority on females, abusing females by beating them, harassing females sexually and putting up other

William Faulkner Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

William Faulkner - Essay Example Faulkner was a multitalented individual even at a tender age; he was active in sports as he played for his high school football team. His interests in literature were depicted during his early years. Upon reaching puberty, this renowned author started writing poems. However, after his teens, Faulkner began loosing interest in formal studies and eventually decided to quit school. A few years later, Faulkner was to meet one of the most inspiring literary artists in his lifetime; Phil Stone. Additionally, Faulkner met the love of his life in those early years; she was known as Estelle Oldham. The later mentioned girl had a romantic relationship with Faulkner but never committed her life to him because she was betrothed to someone else. Stone- his literary mentor- had seen some of Faulkner's earlier poetic works and realized that he had great potential to make it in the world of literature. Faulkner's first job was a in New Haven where he worked briefly in an Arms Company. Thereafter, he tried joining the Army but his physical appearance did not allow him to progress. Afterward, he joined the Canadian Royal Air force. His life in the Air force did not last long since the world war ended just soon after he had joined them. In order to keep track of his experiences, Faulkner decided to purchase some Air force accolades. This experience in the Army was one of the most influential aspects in his literary works. One of his novels; Soldier's pay: which was published in '26 indicated some of his fictional experiences in the war. In the year 19919, Faulkner got a chance to join a university. He was able to accomplish this even despite the fact that he had dropped out of high schools. This future author was very active in his university forming clubs and other similar associations. (Amazon, 2006) However, Faulkner never completed his studies. Instead he opted for odd jobs. He worked as a postmaster, bookstore assistant and even as a Scoutmaster. All these jobs did not suite his outgoing personality and he was forced to resign or quite. Literary works In the early twenties, Faulkner began by writing some essays that formed part of the New Orleans collection. He then embarked on his first literary novel called Soldier's pay. After completing this novel, it was published by Live right. Thereafter, Faulkner decided to move to Italy and then Paris. These served as great influences in is second novel; Sanctuary. The second novel was published in the year 1926 and was entitled Mosquitoes. It mainly talked about some of the earlier influences in the army but this book was not one of his best productions. Failures in the latter novel resulted in improvements in his next pieces of work. He was advised to stay true to his roots and this is exactly what he did in his subsequent works. Faulkner realized that he could create greater influences if they depicted native aspects of his community. This third publication seemed very interesting to Faulkner but not to his publishers. His first publisher refused to wok with him and so did many other p ublishers. After a frantic search for a publisher, Faulkner finally got a willing one in the year 1926. However, the novel was only released after excessive editing and changes made to his title.

Religion & Economic Development Essay Example for Free

Religion Economic Development Essay New World colonies located on the American Continent varied in their economic opportunities which set up the basis of what the colony would become overall. Each region differed in the advancement of their colonial system, based heavily upon on the nation that wished to colonize it. English colonies in upper Northeast New England and Spanish settlements in the Southwest regions had individual emphases both religiously and economically. Puritans from England were seeking refuge, freedom of religion, and economic opportunity hoping to establish long-rooted settlements. However, Conquistadors in the Southwest had eyes gleaming with their quest for â€Å"God, gold, and glory† and sought to lightly influence the land. Thus, these regions were driven separate directions, shaping their own religious positions and economic developments. Certainly the most distinguishing catalyst for colonization in both regions was religion. English Puritans sailed to North America’s Atlantic Coast with incentives towards escaping religious persecutions, while the Spanish arrived to convert the indigenous peoples to Catholicism. During the â€Å"Great Migration† of the 1630s, no more than twenty thousand Puritans came to Massachusetts fleeing the tendencies of the Anglican Church, and the common mistreatment against them. John Winthrop, the first governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, directed the Puritans to believe in the idea of the â€Å"city upon a hill†, a guideline of a self-righteous community for the rest of the world. Their definitive objective was to protect their beliefs, doing so by forming a society on the concepts of the Calvinists religion. A select group, the Elect, would’ve had to testify a religious conversion experience to vote. Soon, it became apparent to ministers that there was a rapid decline in the amount of conversions which significantly affected the amount of church members. As a resolution in 1662, the Half-Way Covenant was devised to acknowledge a partial membership into the church to those who could not testify to the religious experience but were moral members of society. In time, the â€Å"elect† and other members of society had hardly any dissimilarity between them. On the contrary, the Spanish settlements in the Southwest were focused primarily on converting the native peoples to Catholicism and seizing the land’s material, especially precious metals. Upon their arrival to the region, the Conquistadores were troubled by the strong opposition from the indigenous people such as the Aztecs, Mayas, and Incas. Susceptible to the deadly small pox and measles, courtesy of the Old World, numbers of the natives dwindled greatly. Once an iron fist of control was stabilized, the Roman Catholic mission rapidly became a central institution in the few settlements that had arisen. On the other hand, the Missionaries’ limitations on the native religious practices as well as the ruthless efforts to Christianize them led to the immediate uprising of the Popes Rebellion or the Pueblo Revolt in 1680. Pueblo rebels extirpated Catholic Churches in the province, killed hundreds of priests and Spanish settlers, which, in turn, lead to the eventual loss of Spanish control of the Southwest region for several years. Not only did New England settlements in the Northeast and Spanish colonies in the Southwest vary religiously, they differed economically as well. Primarily, New England’s Puritans center of attention around the agrarian economy all the while the Spanish Conquistadors goal was to attain material wealth such as fine metals. Preceding the French and Indian War, the policy of Salutary Neglect was practiced by the British Government with the hopes of keeping the colonists content as well as away from the idea of creating an alliance with France. Allowing the colonies to develop without obstructions from across the Atlantic strengthened their economic base. Due to the rocky soil that lacks nutrition, New England in the late 17th century relied greatly on a manufacturing economy, opposed to agrarian. The English prospered in the lumber, fishing, and shipbuilding industries. For some time, America was able to trade illegally with other countries expanding economic development, making it possible to compete in the world market. However, Spanish Conquistadores had a stronghold on the economic developments in the Southwest. Following the mercantilism theory, Spain concentrated more on exploiting the natural resources then to establish permanent colonies, delaying economic growth. Not only that, but the Hacienda structure input the class system which made the Native Americans slaves. Before long, the Spanish prestige and wealth declined causing major holes in the colonies economies in the Southwest. Therefore, the English colonies in the Northeast and Spanish settlements in the Southwest varied religiously and economically. Admittedly, members of each region mutually tried to convert the native people who thrived before them even if it was through dissimilar methods. Their purposes for sailing to the New World were the key difference. English Puritans came to establish tightly-knit communities free from the religious problems in England. For the Spanish, their goal was to laden their hands in wealth and spread Catholicism across the land.

Possible Explanation of Kierkegaard’s Reasoning :: Essays Papers

Possible Explanation of Kierkegaard’s Reasoning As some philosophers suggest, an individual may only know what he knows through experience. What is sensed equals what is known. Because we understand things through our senses, then what we understand must also be expressed through our senses. We represent that knowledge through language. Language is a means of transferring our experiences to a concrete, literal form, so the sensuous can be made known in the psyche. To describe a snake (itself a linguistic representation of my experience), I might use the word, â€Å"slimy,† thus, I have distinguished one feeling from another feeling. Language also informs our perceptions of an object. We hear the sound of a word, and our brains conjur an image of the object the word represents. This image is then transferred into our own experience. If I say, â€Å"slimy,† you may think of mud or butter or a kiss, not necessarily a snake. These images are not right or wrong, but are based on your experiences. You will think of those things until, through my comparison of a snake to other objects and characteristics you do know, you can understand another thing that could possibly represent the word, â€Å"slimy.† What if someone wishes to discuss something outside of sensual or intellectual human experience? Because we cannot escape the use of sensual-psychic language to explain experience and knowledge of experience, even an experience beyond the sensual-psychic must be expressed through the common language that is received through the ear and processed through the brain. Jesus knew this full well, choosing to speak in parables rather than outlining theories and spiritual realities. We listen better to stories with objects and plots we can understand. His audience identified with agriculture, shepherding, wedding feasts, and inheritances. And although he knew the people could not comprehend the fullness of meaning behind his stories, storytelling was the most effective way to shed any light on the world of the spirit. As Paul Tillich says, once we take literally the language we use to represent â€Å"ultimate concerns† (things of the spirit), then we have made language into an idol ____________. Kierkegaard predated Tillich with his statement that â€Å"all human language about the spiritual . . . is essentially transferred or metaphorical language†(199). To prevent our understanding of language from remaining in the literal or sensuous-psychic state, and thus becoming idolatrous, then we must see it as a symbol, participating in the actual, but not the actual itself __________.

Race and Native American Essay

Identify and briefly explain the dimensions by referencing both textbooks. Some of the different primary dimensions of diversity include age, gender, mental and physical abilities, race, ethnic heritage, and sexual orientation. These are primary due to the fact that they are more fixed, visible, and relevant to an identity. For example, a male in his mid-thirties are all primary dimensions. There are also secondary dimensions such as geographic location, military/work experience, family status, income, religion, language, education, communication, and work style. For example, a male in his thirties who plays piano while drinking apple cider for a hobby would be secondary. As we learned in class the difference between these are easily remembered by thinking visible and invisible. At first glance one would be able to guess age and gender, however the secondary dimensions are wide and welcome judgments to a closed mind. ?With what ethnic, cultural, or other groups do you identify? Describe what members of your social circle have in common. My ethnic background is Native American and Portuguese. On my mother’s side of the family I get the Native American. Our tribe is the Karok tribe. Its origins are Northern California. I am not registered; however I get bit and pieces from my mom sometimes. She tells me that I am an 8th Native American. This if I am not mistaken is enough to qualify for the federal benefits for health care and school funds. I have just not done the footwork to find out. This leads me into the second piece of the question. I am not a part of this social circle and I cannot answer what we all have in common other than the physical appearance. Generally, we all have dark hair and olive skin tone, and also having brown or hazel eyes. I notice from the members of my family that the woman age very well. Not so much the men. Inclusion is described as an addition. For example relative to thus class, an African American child being adopted by a Hispanic family and ten years later the African American child adapting to the rituals and cultural expectations if the Hispanic culture. This word can pertain to a wide variety of situations. Another example would be a defect in a precious stone such as a ruby or diamond. ?What is the difference between diversity and inclusion? Idictonary defines diversity as a noun meaning the condition of having or being composed of differing elements; variety. ?What is the importance of workplace diversity training? ?What is your experience with workplace culture? Could there be, or could there have been, more inclusion?

Equality for Undocumented Immigrants Essay

The women founders of sociological theory made it possible for women and members of other marginalized communities to gain access to the rights and privileges their white male counterparts enjoyed for centuries. In particular, the incredible lives of Charlotte Perkins Gilman and Ida B. Wells-Barnett allowed new avenues of academia and social change that had not previously been conceivable. Although they used different approaches and their theories focused on different aspects of the society in which they lived, a common thread ties them together in the history of feminist thinkers: their passion for social and economic change for women. Their contributions laid the groundwork for the modern day struggles for civil rights, in particular the fight for fair treatment and equality of undocumented immigrants. Gilman and Wells-Barnett did not gain admiration for maintaining the status-quo, which is exactly why it is important to apply their methods of research and analysis to the fight for the equality of undocumented immigrants. This paper focuses on the revolutionary theories Gilman and Wells-Barnett are most known for, and discusses the potential implications the application of these theories might have when applied to undocumented immigrants. Charlotte Perkins Gilman was born on July 3, 1860 and died by suicide in August of 1935. Despite her unfortunate death, the contributions Gilman made to the feminist movement are still considered to be unparalleled, so much so that has been judged â€Å"the most original and challenging mind which the woman movement produced† 1. In her most famous work, Women and Economics, Gilman separated herself from other feminists of the time by boldly stating that the integral cause for sex-distinction and the inequality facing women is the dependence on the husband in the family unit for all money making activities. Her bold and unapologetic prose highlighted the â€Å"sexuo-economic relationship† between married men and women, dating back to prehistoric times 2. According to Gilman, women must rely solely on their sexuality to attain even their most basic needs. Unlike men, who have endless opportunities to gain their desires, young women are left with only their bodies as a means for material and social well being, because â€Å"all that she may wish to have, all that she may wish to do, must come through a single channel and a single choice. Wealth, power, social distinction, fame- not only these, but home and happiness, reputation, ease and pleasure, her bread and butter-all, must come to her through a small gold ring† 3. Woman’s dependence on men economically not only hurts women financially, socially, mentally, and intellectually. This dependence of married women on their husbands for virtually all aspects of their well being also has a negative effect on the economy. Gilman blames the â€Å"androcentric culture† for societies ills, using the term specifically to refer to the institutions and social norms defined by the capitalist patriarchy men and women are taught to live in beginning at a very young age. This phenomenon, coupled with the inability for women to compete with men in society, is causing great intellectual waste as well as economic ramifications. Until women could have the same freedoms as men to pursue economic independence, they would remain subjugated and forced to live their lives without freedom and confined by social norms perpetuated by the capitalist patriarchy of male domination. Ida B. Wells-Barnett made her mark in feminist sociology not only for her work in the field of sociology but also as a social activist who challenged the status-quo of American society. She used a unique blend of research and social activism to challenge the racism she and her fellow African Americans faced every day in the United States, particularly in the South. Wells-Barnett collected information from newspapers, journals, and other media outlets to uncover the ways African Americans were represented in the media and the negative effect this had on the lives of people of color and the poor across the country. For example, in her autobiography, Wells-Barnett describes one incident which resulted in a lawsuit against the Chesapeake, Ohio and Southwestern Railroad. When she refused to leave the â€Å"ladies† car, two conductors had to physically remove her, during which she bit one conductor on the arm and refused to let go. She explains â€Å"†the white ladies and gentlemen in the car even stood on the seats so that they could get a good view and continued applauding the conductor for his brave stand.†4Together with other theorists like Julia Cooper, Wells-Barnett developed a theory of domination that explained why white men of power continued to dominate American institutions and perpetuate the cycles of racism and poverty. Specifically, Wells-Barnett focused on the violent behaviors, such as lynching, that dominant members of society used when they felt their position of authority was being threatened by someone or some group they deemed subordinate in society. Historian Ula Taylor explains the many ways Barnett used these tools: â€Å"She challenged the myth that all White women were chaste, all Black women were without virtue, and all Black men were rapists by unleashing a massive international campaign against lynching. She documented the economic realities of lynching victims, the possibility that a White woman could be attracted to a Black man, and finally the fact that Black women were violated and abused at alarming rates. Barnett advocated self-help activities, but she also fought against Jim Crow facilities with economic boycotts and was not above armed resistance†. The focus of Wells-Barnett on the subordination of women was unique in that it looked at the problem not only through the lens of sex, but of race, class and geographic location. Undocumented immigration, commonly known as â€Å"illegal immigration†, is a hot button topic in American politics today. In the last ten years candidates for political office, political parties and interests groups have used this issue to gain support for their cause, resulting in a heated ongoing debate that affects the estimated 20 million undocumented immigrants that live and work in the United States today. What has become lost in the majority of these discussions is the diminished quality of life these immigrants are forced to endure due to failed social policy of US lawmakers, as well as the many positive contributions immigrants from all countries have on the economy and culture of the United States. Advocates for undocumented immigrants are faced with similar challenges faced by Charlotte Perkins Gilman and Ida B. Wells-Barnett. Both women fought for equality for those who did not have equal status in society and in the institutions that make up American government. The application of their theories to the plight of undocumented workers provides a unique lens in which to study these women and to test whether their theories can still be successfully applied to modern-day issues. The fight for the rights of undocumented immigrants in the United States today is being fought with many of the same tools used by Wells-Barnett during her fight for civil rights. These tools include economic boycotts, marches, policy advocacy and media coverage that highlight the injustices being endured by millions of men, women and children across the country. For example, in 2004 a documentary entitled â€Å"Farmingville: POV† told the story of two murders in the suburban town of Farmington, New York6. Two undocumented workers from Mexico were brutally murdered by the hands of white men because of their ethnicity and legal status. According to Wells-Barnett, these vicious murders occurred because of the pathology of the white men. The violence was a reaction to the dominant members of the society feeling their status in their community was being threatened by those they considered beneath them. The similarities in legal status of African Americans during the lifetime of Wells-Barnett and present-day undocumented immigrants is strikingly similar. Undocumented workers, like African Americans of that time, have different legal rights than their â€Å"American† counterparts, and legally they are not afforded the same rights and liberties as those considered â€Å"legal†. As she did in her studies of lynching of African-Americans, Wells-Barnett would also look at media representation and instances of racism within the police force and other law enforcement agencies as proof of her theory of domination. For example, she could cite an article recently published in Los Angeles, California in which Ernesto Cienfuegos boldly stated: â€Å"murderous ogres are today getting away with the horrific killings of undocumented Mexican immigrants due in part to uncaring and often racist USA   law enforcement agencies. Anti-immigrant hysteria, once the purview of fringe vigilante groups, has now afflicted some in the mainstream media and this has fanned the flames of anti-Mexican bigotry throughout the nation resulting in a series of heinous murders of undocumented immigrants that have included women and children†7. The language in this article reflects the beliefs held by Wells-Barnett concerning the rape, murder and other brutality faced by African Americans before and during her lifetime. The theories of Charlotte Perkins Gilman could also be applied to undocumented immigrants in the United States. Specifically, her assertions concerning unspecialized labor in the workforce. In â€Å"The Waste of Private Housekeeping†, Gilman explains her belief that because women are forced to be housewives and therefore cannot pursue their intellectual potential: â€Å"Neither the labor of the overworked mother, nor the labor of the perpetual lowgrade apprentice, can ever reach high efficiency. This element of waste is inherent in domestic industry and cannot be overcome. No special training can be applied to every girl and produce good results in all; no psychological gymnastics can elevate housework when housework, in economic status, is at the very bottom of industrial evolution†. Gilman argued that because women were kept to working inside the home they were not able to develop intellectually at the same level or rate as men. Because undocumented workers face deportation and other punishments because of their legal status, they also are often forced to remain in jobs in the service industry and as maids cleaning up and looking after the children of other families. They depend on the companies that hire them and the families that pay them for their income, and therefore have no choice but to work in deplorable working conditions with wages often lower than the federal minimum wage. The argument can also be made that many undocumented women are kept economically dependent on men because they are brought into the United States for use in the sex industry, and often kept as slaves. Without the necessary skills, education, or legal status these women cannot escape their terrible situation, and therefore remain dependent on men for their basic needs in return for work around the house and sex. Without Gilman and Wells Barnett it is hard to know what these women would think about the plight of undocumented immigrants. It is important to take into account the different time periods these women lived and worked in. For example, Wells-Barnett focused on African Americans because they were legally enslaved by slaveowners for centuries in the United States, and there were laws in place that protected these slaveowners from being held accountable for inflicting harm on any of their slaves. Undocumented immigrants, however, are afforded some basic rights that African Americans were not even after the abolishment of slavery, which Wells-Barnett might be quick to point out. While it can probably be proven that the media gives less attention to the murders and violence towards undocumented immigrants, the severity and social stigma involving lynching of African Americans in the South was certainly much different. Gilman’s theories are often criticized for their racist and xenophobic undertones, as she believed America was the best country in the World and Americans were morally superior to citizens of all other countries9. Might she then condemn undocumented workers and treat them with the same racism she afforded African Americans? In conclusion, the work of Charlotte Perkins Gilman and Ida B. Wells-Barnett is anything but limited to sociological theory. Both their lives impacted women around the world, and without their vision, intellect and passion for social change the status of women could not be where it is today. The lasting impression these women made on society is proven when their theories are applied to the plight of undocumented immigrants in the United States today. These women are responsible for the tools marginalized members of society use to gain access to the freedoms we as Americans strive to achieve. Although criticisms can and have been made against the theories of both women, their positive contributions to critical social theory far outweigh the negative. Because of these women’s passion for social justice and equality they too would join the fight for immigrant rights if they were alive today. I am honored to have been able to study and analyze their works and will carry the knowledge gained from this experience for the rest of my life.

Defining And Analysing Groupwork Social Work Essay Essay Example

Defining And Analysing Groupwork Social Work Essay Essay Example Defining And Analysing Groupwork Social Work Essay Paper Defining And Analysing Groupwork Social Work Essay Paper Groups may be defined in many ways, so supplying an absolute definition of a group, as with much of the theory around group work, is extremely debatable and contestable. However for the intents of discoursing groupwork within a context of working with immature people we may specify a group as a little assemblage of immature people. Group work may simplistically be described as the survey and application of the procedures and results experienced when a little group comes together. Konopka ( 1963 ) defines groupwork as a method of societal work that is utilised in order to `help persons to heighten their societal operation through purposeful group experiences, and to get by more efficaciously with their personal, group or community problems` . This definition shows a tradition within groupwork of assisting persons with jobs. Brown provides a modernized and more comprehensive definition of group work ( 1994, p.8 ) . He states that `groupwork provides a context in which persons help each other ; it is a method of assisting groups every bit good as assisting persons ; and it can enable persons and groups to influenceand changepersonal, group, organizational and community problems` ( original accent ) . He goes on to separate between `relatively little and neighbourhood centred` work and `macro, social and political approaches` within community work, explicating that merely the former may be decently classified as groupwork. Therefore the function of groupwork can be seen as one which places accent on sharing of ideas, thoughts, jobs and activities. Functions within Groups Each person within a group has a function to play in the development of that group to a greater or lesser extent. Through observation, apprehension of difference, consciousness of personal resourcesand effectual communicating ( Douglas, 1995 ) , each member may impact group procedures and single emotions. Functions develop within groups both through formal assignment and because of the personal features and interpersonal relationships that develop between members. Roles which develop can be constructive and back up the group and its members in accomplishing its ends, or can be destructive and work against the overall group aims. Persons within the group can develop several functions and at times these may struggle. For illustration a PTV member who was designated as leaderfor a specific undertaking, besides played a clownand was fond of practical gags. The gulling about led to a deficiency of trust from other group members making a struggle with the leading function. As the group begins to develop an apprehension of four things can be observed: Observation: the manner we behave is based upon what we observe of ourselves, and what we make of others and their reactions to us. Differences: personally and socially generated ; the effects they have on behaviors and apprehension. Resources: often stemming from difference but are the beginning of possible power for a group and an person. Communication: considered to be natural but capable to many barriers that remain mostly unknown unless a witting attempt is made to happen them: ( Douglas, 1995, p. 80-97 ) A Through supportive functions, groups may play a portion in cut downing subjugation generated externally to the group. Groupwork can be used as a medium for laden groups to `help these groups adjust in society` , and furthermore to assist society to set towards these groups. This can be achieved by `individual rehabilitation` in which we can `help persons to set to societal life and manage aˆÂ ¦ tenseness aˆÂ ¦ addition assurance, high ego esteem` , and in `getting and maintaining employment etc.` . `Societal or community rehabilitation` involves `helping the society to hold meaningful contact` with persons and groups which are discriminated against and laden ( Osei-Hwedie, Mwansa, and Mufune, 1990, p. 188 ) . Preston-Shoot describes groupwork making a `sense of belonging and common identity` promoting `the formation of relationships which foster common designation and influence` , therefore feelings of isolation and uniqueness with issues of difference and subjugation may be reduced. Besides, the group may be encouraged to utilize its internal resources to travel towards single or group `problem-resolution` , cut downing feelings of weakness, constructing self deserving, and detering worker dependence ( Preston-Shoot, 1987, p. 6-28 ) . Smith concurs with this position of the suitableness of groupwork, saying `Groups are obvious sites of interaction and within them a sense of connection or community with others can be fostered` ( Smith, 1994, p.111 ) . This `connectedness` is a valuable tool with which to dispute favoritism and subjugation, for as Piven and Cloward argue, it is merely when we act jointly that alteration can get down ( Piven and Cloward, 1993 ) . Decision: Group Work Double Edged Sword? To province that group work is non an exact scientific discipline is something of an understatement. As we have seen, it is debatable to even specify what is meant by a group as no absolute definition exists. Similarly most, if non all, constructs within group work theory can be, and are, contested. Groups are highly of import in the lives of all persons. Johnson and Johnson ( 1975, p1-2 ) province `many of our ends can be achieved merely with the cooperation and coordination of others` . However `the success of any group depends on the ability of its members to interchange thoughts freely and to experience involved in the life and determinations of the group` ( Massallay, 1990 ) . All groups within young person work have ends, i.e. a future province of personal businesss. It is of import that short term and long term ends are set realistically if the group is to develop and work efficaciously. These maps are achieved through the way of leading and the development of single functions within each group. A group is said to be successful if it: 1.A A A A A accomplishes group undertakings 2.A A A A A maintains the group internally, and ; 3.A A A A A develops and adapts to better effectivity. ( Massallay, 1990 ) Groupwork can be used as an effectual tool for many young person work state of affairss, non least of which is as a medium for disputing subjugation both within groups and persons. Therefore, we have seen the outgrowth and development of misss issue groups and black immature people s undertakings that offer common support every bit good as working to dispute subjugation. Yet we have seen that through the development phases of a groups life there are many chances for persons to develop and concentrate oppressive behavior internally within a group. A appreciation of theoretical apprehension of group behavior and operation can assist to explicate single and group behavior, and assist us to accomplish our ultimate purpose as young person workers, that of informal instruction. It is of import non to handle group work as an exact scientific discipline with unequivocal replies. Indeed many of the questionswe must inquire ourselves are ill-defined, therefore the answersare a best conjecture, or a benchmark that we can develop on and work about. Finally, allow us see briefly the historical context of group work development and the intent it has non merely within young person work, but society at big. As Taylor reminds us `A minute s contemplation shows that the societal groupwork beloved of liberalism is the merchandise of the American capitalist concern to develop more sophisticated direction techniques` ( Taylor, 1987, p. 140 ) . Let us be careful to utilize group work to advance democracy and non fall into the trap of utilizing group work as yet another tool for advancing societal control in a capitalistic province. A © Student Youth Work Online 1999-2001 Please ever cite the writer of this page. References A ; Recommended Reading Adair, J. ( 1988 ) Effective LeadershipLondon: Pan Barker, L. L. , Cegala, D. J. , Kibler, R. J. and Wahlers, K. J. Groups In ProcessNew Jersey, USA: Prentice-Hall Chemical bond, T. ( 1986 ) Games for Social and Life SkillsLondon: Hutchinson Brandes, D. and Phillips, H ( 1977 ) Gamesters HandbookGreat Britain: Stanley Thornes Brown, A. ( 1994 ) Groupwork 3rdEditionGreat Yarmouth: Ashgate Publishing Dearling, A. and Armstrong, H. ( 1994 ) The New Youth Games BookGreat Britain: Russell House Printing Douglas, T. ( 1983 ) Groups: Understanding Peoples Gathered TogetherLondon: Routledge Douglas, T. ( 1995 ) Survival In Groups: The Basics of Group MembershipBuckingham: Open University Press Dynes, R. ( 1990 ) Creative Games in GroupworkGreat Britain: Winslow Imperativeness Garland, J. Jones, H. and Kolody, R. ( 1968 ) `A theoretical account for phases of development in societal workgroups` in Bernstein, S. ( Ed. ) Explorations in GroupworkBoston: Boston University School of Social Work Heap, K. ( 1977 ) Group Theory for Social WorkersGreat Britain: Pergamon Press Konopka, G. ( 1963 ) Social Group Work: a Helping Process Englewood Cliffs, N.J. : Prentice Hall Leech, N. and Wooster, A. D. ( 1986 ) Personal and Social Skills A Practical Approach for the ClassroomGreat Britain: RMEP Massallay, J. L. ( 1990 ) `Methods, Techniques and Skills of Youth and Community Work: Community Action and Group Work` Chapter 4. In Osei-Hwedie, K. , Mwansa, L-K. and Mufune, P. ( Eds. ) Young person and Community Work PracticeZambia: Mission Imperativeness Osei-Hwedie, K. , Mwansa, L-K. and Mufune, P. ( 1990 ) Young person and Community Work Practice: Methods, Techniques and SkillsZambia: Mission Imperativeness Piven, F. F. and Cloward, R. A. ( 1993 ) Regulating the Poor: The Functions of Public Welfare USA: Vintage Books Preston-Shoot, M. ( 1987 ) Effective GroupworkHampshire: Macmillan Rogers, C. R. ( 1967 ) `The procedure of basic brush group` In Bugental, J. F. T. ( Ed. ) TheChallenges of Human PsychologyNew York: McGraw-Hill Sessoms, H. Massachusetts, D. and Stevenson, J. L. ( 1981 ) Leadership and Group Dynamics in Recreation ServicesUSA: Allyn and Bacon Smith, M. K. ( 1994 ) Local Education: Community, Conversation, PraxisGreat Britain: Open University Press Taylor, T. ( 1987 ) `Youth Workers as Character Builders` Chapter 9. In Jeffs, T and Smith, M. ( Eds. ) Youth WorkBasingstoke: MacMillan Tuckman, B. W. ( 1965 ) `Developmental Sequences in Small Groups` in Psychological BulletinNo. 63 p. 384-399 hypertext transfer protocol: //youthworkcentral.tripod.com/sean3.htm

Not That Big of a Deal

Not That Big of a Deal Not That Big of a Deal Not That Big of a Deal By Maeve Maddox A reader dislikes this commonly heard idiom: This is a losing battle, I’m sure. I constantly hear – and am annoyed by – people expressing reservations about something with phrases like â€Å"It’s not that big of a deal,† or â€Å"It’s not that good of a movie† etc.   As far as I know, the â€Å"of† is superfluous; you just say â€Å"not that big a deal† or â€Å"not that good a movie.†Ã‚   Adding the â€Å"of† seems unnecessary and grating to me.  I’d be interested in your thoughts on this point. The reader is correct in feeling that the â€Å"of† in â€Å"not that big of a deal† is superfluous. As one of the writers at The Grammarphobia blog points out, â€Å"An extra word can be justified if it serves an emphatic or supportive purpose, as in â€Å"first time ever†Ã‚  or â€Å"three different times.† Adding of to â€Å"not that big a deal† and â€Å"not that good a movie† serves no emphatic or supportive purpose. Nevertheless, â€Å"big of a deal† is commonly heard in spoken English and, judging by the Ngram Viewer, seems to be creeping into print. The first year the phrase â€Å"big of a deal† occurs on the Ngram Viewer is 1945. It doesn’t make much of a showing in print until the 1980s, when it shoots upward. The usage may have originated by analogy with the standard construction in which a noun is described by another noun (noun + â€Å"of a† + noun): I have a whale of a tale to tell you, Lads. San Andreas is a disaster of a movie. My girlfriend has been dating a loser of a boyfriend. The dog has made a hell of a mess in the garage. The pattern adjective + â€Å"of a† + noun is also standard- some of the time. For example, some adjectives of quantity are used in this way: One effect of this mechanism is to make it extremely difficult for third party or independent candidates ever to make much of a showing in the Electoral College. But for many researchers, having equal numbers of women and men in the scientific ranks is less of a priority than having a system that is fair and furthers science itself.   Thats more of a commitment than  many emerging market investors want to make. Youd think that  people  would  have had enough of  silly love songs. Big and good are adjectives of quality. â€Å"It wasn’t that good of a supper† is all right as dialect, but its nonstandard. The big of a deal construction may have migrated from dialect to the ranks of colloquialism, but it still has no place in written English, other than in dialogue or direct quotation. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:"Because Of" and "Due To" How to spell "in lieu of"Dozen: Singular or Plural?

The Marketing Executive Summery Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Marketing Executive Summery - Essay Example Also attempts should be made to increase the levels of purchases made by using the marketing techniques as a purchase - decision drivers (Jobber, 2004). The major recommendation for the company is to use marketing in an appropriate fashion to maximize the number of people that they can reach out to and help building a strong and high level of brand awareness. The marketing plan for GGI allows the company to have a number of marketing metrics. Considering the use of direct marketing for the business, GGI would need to have measureable metrics for the various categories of marketing. For instance, email campaign has been effective by linking the number of click through that have come from the emails sent out and linking each of the sales that have been made with the click through from the emails. This can help provide the company with clear statistics of the number of customers that have been got from the campaign. Companies have the option to find stats of the number of emails that have been send out, of which how many have reached the recipients. Also how many have been opened by the recipients and finally how many people have clicked through from the emails and have visited the website (Bearden & Laforge, 2003). Also the direct marketing can also be measured in similar ways. The company can also use video marketing and pod casting. The video marketing or the pod casts, the evaluation method for this marketing technique is to keep a constant check on the total viewership and also on the total subscription earned from this source. It is also important to keep track of the total number of click through from the videos and how many customers have made orders looking based on these click through. Each of the above mentioned modes and techniques of marketing have different levels of affects that they would create on the revenues and the response earned from the customers. Hence it is important to evaluate each of the methods and